Margin Call: A notice to a client that it must
provide money to satisfy a minimum margin requirement set by an Exchange or by
a bank / broking firm.
Market Capitalization: The product of the number of the
company’s outstanding ordinary shares and the market price of each share.
Market Maker: A dealer who maintains an inventory in one or more
stocks and undertakes to make continuous two-sided quotes.
Market Order: An order to buy or an order to sell securities which
is to be executed at the prevailing market price.
Money Market: Market in which short-term securities are bought and
sold.
Marginal Standing Facility Rate: MSF scheme has become effective
from 09th May, 2011 launched by the RBI. Under this scheme, Banks will be able
to borrow upto 1% of their respective Net Demand and Time Liabilities.
The rate of interest on the amount accessed from this facility will be 100
basis points (i.e. 1%) above the repo rate. This scheme is likely to reduce
volatility in the overnight rates and improve monetary transmission.
Mandate: Written authority issued by a customer to another person to
act on his behalf, to sign cheques or to operate a bank account.
Material Alteration: Alteration in an instrument so as
to alter the character of an instrument for example when date, amount, name of
the payee are altered or making a cheque payable to bearer from an order one or
opening the crossing on a cheque.
Merchant Banking : When a bank provides to a
customer various types of financial services like accepting bills arising out
of trade, arranging and providing underwriting, new issues, providing advice,
information or assistance on starting new business, acquisitions, mergers and
foreign exchange.
Micro Finance: Micro Finance aims at alleviation of
poverty and empowerment of weaker sections in India. In micro finance, very
small amounts are given as credit to poor in rural, semi-urban and urban areas
to enable them to raise their income levels and improve living standards.
Minor Accounts: A minor is a person who has not attained legal age of
18 years. As per Contract Act a minor cannot enter into a contract but as per
Negotiable Instrument Act, a minor can draw, negotiate, endorse, receive
payment on a Negotiable Instrument so as to bind all the persons, except
himself. In order to boost their deposits many banks open minor accounts with
some restrictions.
Mobile Banking : With the help of M-Banking or
mobile banking customer can check his bank balance, order a demand draft, stop
payment of a cheque, request for a cheque book and have information about
latest interest rates.
Money Laundering: When a customer uses banking
channels to cover up his suspicious and unlawful financial activities, it is
called money laundering.
Money Market: Money market is not an organized market like Bombay
Stock Exchange but is an informal network of banks, financial institutions who
deal in money market instruments of short term like CP, CD and Treasury bills
of Government.
Moratorium: R.B.I. imposes moratorium on operations of a bank; if
the affairs of the bank are not conducted as per banking norms. After
moratorium R.B.I. and Government explore the options of safeguarding the
interests of depositors by way of change in management, amalgamation or take
over or by other means.
Mortgage: Transfer of an interest in specific immovable property for
the purpose of offering a security for taking a loan or advance from another.
It may be existing or future debt or performance of an agreement which may
create monetary obligation for the transferor (mortgagor).
Mutual Fund: A company that invests in and professionally manages a
diversified portfolio of securities and sells shares of the portfolio to
investors.
NABARD: National Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development was
setup in 1982 under the Act of 1981. NABARD finances and regulates rural
financing and also is responsible for development agriculture and rural
industries.
Negotiation: In the context of banking, negotiation means an act of
transferring or assigning a money instrument from one person to another person
in the course of business.
Net Asset Value: The underlying value of a share
of stock in a particular mutual fund; also used with preferred stock.
Non-Fund Based Limits: Non-Fund Based Limits are those
type of limits where banker does not part with the funds but may have to part
with funds in case of default by the borrowers, like guarantees, letter of
credit and acceptance facility.
Non-Resident: A person who is not a resident of India is a
non-resident.
Non-Resident Accounts: Accounts of non-resident Indian
citizens opened and maintained as per R.B.I. Rules.
Notary Public: A Lawyer who is authorized by Government to certify
copies of documents .
NPA Account: If interest and instalments and other
bank dues are not paid in any loan account within a specified time limit, it is
being treated as non-performing assets of a bank.
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